NATIONAL EDUCATION AT THE BEGINNING OF 2001
QUANTITATIVE DEVELOPMENTS IN EDUCATION
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1. CURRENT SITUATION IN TURKEY REGARDING EDUCATION

In Turkey, the ratio of population between ages 0-14 has decreased to 30.0% in year 2000 from 32.8% in 1995 whereas the ratio of age groups 15-64 and 65 + have increased. The population increase ratio began to fall but 37,3 million people making up 57% of the population belong to 0-24 age group.

Table 26. Developments in Demographic Indicators

Distribution of population on the basis of three main age groups
Demographic indicators Unit 1995 2000(1) 2005(1)
0-14 Age Group % 32,84 30,04 28,27
15-64 Age Group % 62,13 64,39 65,84
65 + Age Group % 5,02 5,57 5,89
Distribution of population on the basis of age groups related to education
Demographic indicators Unit 1995 2000(1) 2005(1)
3-5 Age Group % 6,36 5,89 5,89
6-13 Age Group % 17,98 15,85 14,63
14-16 Age Group % 6,60 6,29 5,53
17-20 Age Group % 8,15 8,28 7,68

Source: SSI, SPO (1) Estimated

According to 1997 census results, the population of Turkey is 62.606.157 and for 2000-2001 academic year, there exist 15.820.534 students and 543.277 teachers at pre-primary education, primary, secondary schools and formal education. Accordingly 25.3 % of the country’s population are students and 0.9 % teachers making a total of 26.2 %.

Table 27. Quantitative Developments in Education

  Levels of Education 1995-1996 2000-2001 2000-2005 (1)
Number of tudents (‘000) Enrolment Ratio (%) Number of Students (‘000) Enrolment Ratio (%) Number of Students(‘000) Enrolment Ratio (%)
Pre-primary Education 199 7,7 228 9,8 690 25,0
Primary Education 9 564 89,8 10 289 97,6 10 328 100,0
Secondary Education 2 223 55,0 2 218 59,4 2 886 75,0
General Secondary Education 1 277 31,6 1 324 36,6 1 539 40,0
Vocational and Technical Secondary Education 946 23,4 805 22,8 1 346 35,0
Higher Education (*) 1 226 23,8 1 492 27,8 2 002 37,3
Formal Education 766 14,9 1 006 18,7 1 519 28,3
Open Learning 460 8,9 486 9,1 483 9,0

(*) Including Graduate Students (1) Target Source: SPO

The enrolment ratios in 1999-2000 academic year has reached 9.8 % in preschool , 97.6 % in primary education, 59.4 % in secondary education; 22.8 % of it in vocational technical secondary education and 36.6 % in general secondary education, 27.8 % in higher education; 18.7 % being in formal education.

Table 28. Quantitative Status By Levels of Education in 2000-2001 Academic Year

Level of Education No of School-Class Number of Students Number of Teachers
Total Boy Girl
PRE-PRIMARY EDUCATION 8 996 228 503 120 428 108 075 12 265
Public 8 297 212 272 111 906 100 366 10 901
Private 699 16 231 8 522 7 709 1 364
PRIMARY EDUCATION * 36 047 10 289 233 5 520 004 4 769 229 345 001
Public 35 329 10 102 965 5 417 126 4 685 839 330 811
Private 718 186 268 102 878 83 390 14 190
SECONDARY EDUCATION 5 967 2 128 957 1 240 579 888 378 134 815
Public 5 485 2 070 899 1 208 386 862 513 126 216
Private 482 58 058 32 193 25 865 8 599
General Secondary Education 2 746 1 324 083 727 315 596 768 71 344
Public 2 289 1 267 480 696 107 571 373 62 875
Private 457 56 603 31 208 25 395 8 469
Vocational and Technical Sec. EDU. 3 221 804 874 513 264 291 610 63 471
Public 3 196 803 419 512 279 291 140 63 341
Private 25 1 455 985 470 130
FORMAL EDUCATION 51 010 12 646 693 6 881 011 5 765682 492 081
Public 49 111 12 386 136 6 737 418 5 648 718 467 928
Private 1 899 260 557 143 593 116 964 24 153
NON-FORMAL EDUCATION 6 975 3 173 841 1 801 330 1 372 511 51 196
TOTAL 57 985 15 820 534 8 682 341 7 138 193 543 277

(*) 12.795 schools are not included; 12.309 of them with students completely transported and 611 due to other reasons.
Source: MONE, Research, Planning and Coordination Board (APK)
Note: Quantitative data as of October 1, 2000.

In 2000-2001 academic year;

  • In 57.900 public and private education institutions, 15.8 million students receive secondary education where 543.200 teachers work.

  • 88 % of schools, 80 % of students and 91 % of teachers are included in formal education system. 12 % of schools, 20 % of students and 9 % of teachers are in non-formal education system.

  • In formal education, of schools there are 18% in pre-primary education, 70 %, in primary education, 12 % in secondary education, of students 2 % in pre-primary education, 81 % in primary education and 17 % in secondary education and of teachers; 3 % in Pre-primary education, 70 % in primary education and 27 % in secondary education. Within formal education system, 96 % of schools, 98 % of students and 95 % of teachers are in public institutions.

    • Table 29. Number of Schools By Settlement Area and Type of Education in 2000-2001 Academic Year

     Type of School Number of Schools
    Total Province Village
    Total Normal Double Session Total Normal Double Session Total Normal Double Session
    Pre-primary 8 996 6 308 2 688 6 706 4 187 2 519 2 290 2 121 169
    Primary E. 36 047 28 229 7 818 10 216 5 660 4 556 25 831 22 569 3 262
    Secondary E. 5 967 5 533 434 5 407 4 983 424 560 550 10
    General 2 746 2 425 321 2 367 2 055 312 379 370 9
    Vocational – Technical 3 221 3 108 113 3 040 2 928 112 181 180 1
    Total 51010 40070 10940 22329 14830 7499 28681 25240 3 441

    Source: MONE APK
    Note: Quantitative data as of October 1, 2000.

    In 2000-2001 academic year;

  • Of 51.100 schools 22.300 are in provinces and 28.600 in villages. In 40.700 o these schools normal education and in 10.900 dual education is provided.
  • In 79 % of schools normal education and in 21 % double session instruction is provided.
  • With regard to settlement area, 44 % of the schools are in provinces whereas 56 % are in villages, 37 % of normal education schools are in provinces and 63 % in villages.

    • Table 30. Quantitative Status By Settlement Area in 2000-2001 Academic Year

    Level of Education Number of Schools Number of Students Number of Teachers
    Total Province Village Total Province Village Total Province Village
    Pre-primary 8 996 6 706 2 290 228 503 202 766 25 737 12 265 10 933 1 332
    Primary E. 36 047 10 216 25 831 10 289 233 7 492 530 2 796 703 345 001 237 613 107 388
    Secondary E. 5 967 5 407 560 2 128 957 2 039 345 89 612 134 815 127 854 6 961
    General 2 746 2 367 379 1 324 083 1 262 352 61 731 71 344 66 550 4 794
    Voc-Technical 3 221 3 040 181 804 874 776 993 27 881 63 471 61 304 2 167
    Total 51010 22329 28681 12646693 9734641 2912052 492081 376400 115681

    Source: MONE APK
    Note: Quantitative data as of October 1, 2000

    Table 31. Number of Classrooms By Settlement Area in 2000-2001 Academic Year

    Settlement Area
    Total
    Public Autonomous Pre-primary
    Primary Education
    Secondary Education
    Total
    General
    Voc-Tech
    Province 217 791 1 337 146 454 70 000 41 526 28 474
    Village 110 923 14 105 686 5 223 3 867 1 356
    Total 328 214 1 351 252 140 75 223 45 393 29 830

    Source: MONE APK Note: Quantitative data as of October 1, 2000

    In 2000-2001 academic year; 0.4 % of classrooms in autonomous pre-primary education schools, 76.7 % in primary education and 22,9 % in secondary education. 60 % of classrooms in secondary education are in general secondary education and 40 % in vocational and technical secondary education. 99% of classrooms in autonomous pre-primary education school s, 58 % in primary education and 93 % in secondary education are located in provinces.

    1.1. NEW SCHOOLS AND INSTITUTIONS

    Table 32. Number of Schools and Institutions Opened in 2000

    Level of Education Total
    Pre-primary Education 601
    Kindergarten 68
    Nursery Class 533
    Primary Education 2 188
    Primary Education 2 061
    Primary Education Regional Boarding Schools 52
    Primary Education Pension Schools 75
    Secondary Education 149
    General Secondary Education 54
    Vocational and Technical Secondary Education 50
    Multi Program High School 45
    Private Education 41
    Private Training 303
    Private School 109
    Private Courses 194
    Non-Formal Education 9
    Apprenticeship Training Center 8
    Public Training Center 1
    Teacher Hostels 13
    Total 3 304

    * 5 kid clubs and 2 application classes are not included in the above.  

    Within year 2000;

  • 68 autonomous pre-primary education schools 533 prep classes totaling up to 601,
  • Starting on 01.01.2000; 332 with construction completed and 1.729 closed due to bussed primary education however reopened in accordance with Article 9 of Regulation on Transport Primary Education making up a total of 2.061 primary education schools, 52 primary education regional boarding schools, 75 primary education pension schools making up a total of 2.188,
  • 33 high schools, 2 science high schools, 8 Anadolu fine arts high schools, 4 Anadolu high schools, 7 Anadolu teacher high schools totaling up to 54,
  • 45 multi program high schools,
  • 3 Anadolu vocational schools for girls and 1 vocational high school for girls, 5 kid clubs and 2 application classes totaling up to 11; 9 vocational high schools for girls converted to multi program high schools; 8 Anadolu vocational high schools for girls to Anadolu vocational high schools; 15 vocational high schools for girls to vocational high schools; 3 vocational high schools for girls to boarding schools.
  • 17 Anadolu technical high schools, 6 technical high schools and 6 industry vocational high schools totaling up to 29; 52 new departments, new departments in the existing 76 schools,
  • 15 vocational trade schools, 2 Anadolu hotel and tourism vocational high schools totaling up to 17; 3 vocational trade high schools have been converted to multi program high schools.
  • 1 primary school for hearing impaired, 3 for visually impaired, 5 primary education schools and vocational training centers, 2 primary education schools, 2 hospital primary schools, 13 training application schools and work training centers, 1 training application school, 5 science and art centers and 1 vocational training center, 1 education center for autistic children, 7 guidance research centers totaling up to 41,
  • 109 private schools, 194 private courses, 148 various courses, 141 MTSK* totaling up to 592,
  • 1 public training center, 8 apprenticeship training centers totaling up to 9,
  • 13 teacher hostels were ready for providing service.

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    Ministry Of National Education
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